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  • Gitana 18
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  • Retractable Y-shaped foils, adjustable in three dimensions

    Inspired by the appendages of the America's Cup foiling monohulls, these Y-shaped foils have a wingspan of over 5 metres. They are designed to generate powerful lift, increase power and offer a wide range of adjustments to optimise flight at every point of sail and in all conditions. Beyond their impressive size, these foils feature many unique innovations.

    Revolutionary U-shaped rudders

    These are probably the most visually striking innovations on the new Maxi Edmond de Rothschild. To fly high above rough seas while maintaining control, the team wanted very long rudders that would remain in contact with the water. The challenge is that longer rudders tend to flex under load, severely affecting steering and the efficiency of their lifting surfaces. A new geometry was needed to give these appendages maximum stiffness, resist cavitation and ultimately improve control of the boat and make better use of its power. The result is a set of U-shaped rudders over 4 metres long, a metre longer than those on Gitana 17. Their shape, reminiscent of a tripod or an inverted π, is only the visible part of what makes them so distinctive.

    A daggerboard optimised to stabilise the boat and limit cavitation

    With its wide span, the daggerboard resembles an aircraft tail assembly, with two adjustable flaps: one on the vertical section and the other on the horizontal section, the distinctive “manta-ray wing”. On Gitana 18, the innovation is to position this wing behind the vertical part of the appendage, rather than directly beneath it, to minimise flow disturbance and cavitation.

    Gitana 18’s daggerboard

    Rig: adjustable spreaders to control mainsail power while sailing

    Gitana 18’s mast is 1.50 metres taller than its predecessor’s. The boom is also shorter, creating a more slender sail plan. The major innovation is a set of spreaders that can be adjusted while sailing to bend the mast fore and aft. Actuated by hydraulic rams, these spreaders can pivot through 35 degrees to adjust the bend in the middle of the mast. This unprecedented system allows the sailor to control mainsail power: adding depth in light winds to take off sooner, or flattening the sail to reduce power at high speed or in strong winds. Adjusting the depth, and therefore the power, of the mainsail can also save a solo sailor time and energy by reducing the need for risky manoeuvres or headsail changes.

    Central hull:
    an integrated, structural coachroof

    The naval architects and Gitana design team wanted an exceptionally stiff, structurally robust platform. This applies both to the floats, which must withstand heavy loads from the foils and rudders, and to the central hull, which is subject to torsion. The enclosed coachroof is integrated into the hull and contributes to its structural strength. Inside, the cockpit brings all sail-handling controls together, with ergonomics shaped by many hours of design and development. The coachroof also stands out for the number and size of its windows. This configuration meets the visibility requirements of the Ultim class rules and gives sailors the best possible view to keep a visual watch.

    Gitana 18’s coachroof

    16.10.2008

    Tête à tête with Loïck Peyron.

    par Gitana

    Technical advances

    The boats keep on evolving and this is particularly so in the Imoca class. What are the main technical evolutions?“The technical evolutions are massive, whether they are from my first Vendée Globe till today or from the last edition to that which I’m currently preparing for. I’m obviously thinking about the equipment, which has enabled architects and skippers to plunge into the depths of power. My desire to get back to the helm of a monohull owes a lot to this ‘technological revolution’. It’s always exciting to evolve with time and to participate in that. However, more so than on a technical level, in general it’s the standard of preparation of both the boats and the men which have been transformed. In 1989, there were three of us preparing my boat whilst today, within the Gitana Team, there are around ten people who exercise all their savoir-faire and their experience so that Gitana Eighty is all set to go.”

    Physical performance

    How do you prepare physically for a single-handed circumnavigation of the globe lasting nearly 90 days?“The physical commitment has greatly evolved over the past few years and these new monohulls are a lot more demanding. For my part, I don’t really do any physical preparation in view of the Vendée Globe. I believe a lot more in managing your ressources on the water: no needless movements and using the minimum of effort for the maximum effectiveness; that’s more how I see things. And I think I’ve managed quite well with this philosophy for the time being.
    I think that this notion of management is even more effective over a long period. Transatlantic crossings can prove to be a lot harder physically than a round the world. Indeed it is possible to manœuvre more often in a day on a transatlantic than during an entire week in a Vendée Globe. Once again though, Gitana Eighty was thought-up and designed with this in mind and the installation of the satellite as well as the big openings in the bulkheads ease the process of shifting movable ballast.”

    The solitude of the single-handed sailor

    How do you deal with solitude and being solitary?“Solitude is never a problem beforehand and it’s always a relief afterwards. Solitude is not something I particularly seek, it’s simply part and parcel of our sport with all the pros and cons that involves. On the other hand I love the notion of venturing into places which are virtually devoid of any civilisation.
    As regards solo sailing, I’ve always liked that. When I expressed my desire not to race multihulls single-handed anymore a lot of people understood that to mean that I no longer wanted to sail single-handed at all. The chance that Baron Benjamin de Rothschild has given me to participate in the next Vendée Globe proves that quite the reverse is true.”

    Living heeled over

    Monohulls are boats which are heeled over to 20° for 90 % of the time: how do you adapt to what is such an unnatural position in normal everyday life?“The latest generation monohulls even have a tendency to heel more than their predecessors. I think it’s important to anticipate the changes in the boat’s trim and not fight against it; you have to use the energy in question and not struggle against it, because if you don’t integrate this change, it can be a permanent source of fatigue. I also think that experience helps you to apprehend this parameter a lot better. The fitting out on the boat has also been designed to facilitate the task.”