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  • Gitana 18
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  • Retractable Y-shaped foils, adjustable in three dimensions

    Inspired by the appendages of the America's Cup foiling monohulls, these Y-shaped foils have a wingspan of over 5 metres. They are designed to generate powerful lift, increase power and offer a wide range of adjustments to optimise flight at every point of sail and in all conditions. Beyond their impressive size, these foils feature many unique innovations.

    Revolutionary U-shaped rudders

    These are probably the most visually striking innovations on the new Maxi Edmond de Rothschild. To fly high above rough seas while maintaining control, the team wanted very long rudders that would remain in contact with the water. The challenge is that longer rudders tend to flex under load, severely affecting steering and the efficiency of their lifting surfaces. A new geometry was needed to give these appendages maximum stiffness, resist cavitation and ultimately improve control of the boat and make better use of its power. The result is a set of U-shaped rudders over 4 metres long, a metre longer than those on Gitana 17. Their shape, reminiscent of a tripod or an inverted π, is only the visible part of what makes them so distinctive.

    A daggerboard optimised to stabilise the boat and limit cavitation

    With its wide span, the daggerboard resembles an aircraft tail assembly, with two adjustable flaps: one on the vertical section and the other on the horizontal section, the distinctive “manta-ray wing”. On Gitana 18, the innovation is to position this wing behind the vertical part of the appendage, rather than directly beneath it, to minimise flow disturbance and cavitation.

    Gitana 18’s daggerboard

    Rig: adjustable spreaders to control mainsail power while sailing

    Gitana 18’s mast is 1.50 metres taller than its predecessor’s. The boom is also shorter, creating a more slender sail plan. The major innovation is a set of spreaders that can be adjusted while sailing to bend the mast fore and aft. Actuated by hydraulic rams, these spreaders can pivot through 35 degrees to adjust the bend in the middle of the mast. This unprecedented system allows the sailor to control mainsail power: adding depth in light winds to take off sooner, or flattening the sail to reduce power at high speed or in strong winds. Adjusting the depth, and therefore the power, of the mainsail can also save a solo sailor time and energy by reducing the need for risky manoeuvres or headsail changes.

    Central hull:
    an integrated, structural coachroof

    The naval architects and Gitana design team wanted an exceptionally stiff, structurally robust platform. This applies both to the floats, which must withstand heavy loads from the foils and rudders, and to the central hull, which is subject to torsion. The enclosed coachroof is integrated into the hull and contributes to its structural strength. Inside, the cockpit brings all sail-handling controls together, with ergonomics shaped by many hours of design and development. The coachroof also stands out for the number and size of its windows. This configuration meets the visibility requirements of the Ultim class rules and gives sailors the best possible view to keep a visual watch.

    Gitana 18’s coachroof

    13.05.2004

    The Transat-Skippers point of view.

    Marc Guillemot: For me, this is the race which helped sailors everywhere understand that it was possible to cross the Atlantic single-handed, thanks to yachtsmen by the likes of Chichester and Tabarly... Fred Le Peutrec: This was the first race which was an intense experience. My first souvenir goes back to 1976, when I was 11...

    par Gitana

    Marc Guillemot: For me, this is the race which helped sailors everywhere understand that it was possible to cross the Atlantic single-handed, thanks to yachtsmen by the likes of Chichester and Tabarly… Fred Le Peutrec: This was the first race which was an intense experience. My first souvenir goes back to 1976, when I was 11…
    What does The Transat represent for you ?
    Marc Guillemot: For me, this is the race which helped sailors everywhere understand that it was possible to cross the Atlantic single-handed, thanks to yachtsmen by the likes of Chichester and Tabarly. That was far from being obvious at the start of the 1970’s. Yachtsmen everywhere, even kids, wanted to do it at least once. In 1976, I sailed across the Channel with my father who knew Eric Tabarly. I was sixteen at the time and can still remember seeing Pen Duick VI and Club Med moored side by side. We were there at the start of the race. It was superb, even if the boats differed greatly. No two boats were alike, no two had the same speed potential. We were more interested in the adventure side of things at the time than the pure racing element. Fred Le Peutrec: This was the first race which was an intense experience. My first souvenir goes back to 1976, when I was 11. It was the 5th edition, and the most extravagant with the historic battle between Alain Colas’s (236-foot) Club Med and Eric Tabarly’s (75-foot) Pen Duick VI. Everyone was expecting Colas to break the tape at the finish but instead Tabarly was first to break through the fog. His race remained engraved in my mind – alone on his monohull designed for a crew of 14, with no automatic pilot, Tabarly had battled through five low pressure systems. After Mike Birch’s multihull win in the first Route du Rhum in 1978, then the American Phild Weld in the Ostar in 1980, yachting enthusiasts has to chose their side of the fence. I had just started sailing beach cats and had clearly opted for multihulls. I got the distinct impression that one day my turn would come to sail ocean races on this sort of boat. After that, I followed the other editions with the means available at the time – in other words, when a national radio station decided to give an update on the race around midnight. I used to mark the competitors positions down onto a chart. The Transat is one of those races to have taken little of my time until now but one which I’ve always looked upon with passion.
    Souvenirs linked to this race ?
    MG: The strong souvenirs which I have of this race are mainly linked to the edition in which I took part on La Trinitaine in 2000. An intense period from start to finish. Routing was prohibited which gave an altogether different tone to the race, more concentrated. A month before the start, I had prepared my overall strategy with a well-known meteorologist Pierre Lasnier. Through my own experience, I trusted him with regard to what I was likely to come across on the race and that I was going to have to face alone. Thanks to the advice he gave me, I set out in a peaceful state of mind. I recall my determination which was to run my race the way I wanted to and not be diverted by what the other competitors might decide to do, however different my tactical options might be. It worked pretty well as I finished 2nd, coming raklly close to victory. FL: I can particularly recall the 1984 race when Philippe Poupon took line honours but was finally relegated to second place. Philippe Jeantot had capsized on his catamaran Crédit Agricole and Yvon Fauconnier, also in the race, de-routed to provide rescue assistance. Rescue operations lasted sixteen hours. Meanwhile, Poupon progressed well and was first across the line, Fauconnier arriving in his wake 10h30 later. Right in the middle of the press conference, the race committee announced that it had decided to award the skipper of Umupro Jardin the sixteen hours spent rescuing Jeantot and that consequently, Fauconnier was the winner, making Poupon second. A unique event in ocean racing, and one which remains firmly in my mind, as do with the strong emotions it generates.
    The north Atlantic course ?
    MG: The course itself conjures up images of eventful sailing and a fair amount of stress. Visibility is not often that good when you reach the Canadian coast, with the strong possibility of the odd iceberg here and there, growlers, fishing boats and cargo vessels. We have to cross major fishing zones with loads of ships navigating in the fog in what are extremely tough waters to sail. A stressful race, although not so difficult as the Route du Rhum as our trimarans are easier to handle close-hauled than downwind with the gennaker up. However, the major difficulty is the lack of visibility over a distance of 400 to 500 miles, two or so days before reaching Newfoundland. The cold, the damp. Not at all easy to manage when you want to sail fast. A field worth racing in though as there is enough space to do interesting things from a tactical point of view. FL: A difficult and bitter course, head to wind with freezing seaspray, although not every edition has been raced in terrible conditions. But statistics show that there is often really rotten weather on this race. Arriving on the banks of Newfoundland, passing through the ice, fog and the banks of Nantucket – places which cannot be disassociated from this race. I did sail through these places in other contexts, on the Transatlantic record attempt on Explorer with Bruno Peyron in 1995 and the Québec Saint Malo on La Trinitaine in 2000.