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  • Gitana 18
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  • Retractable Y-shaped foils, adjustable in three dimensions

    Inspired by the appendages of the America's Cup foiling monohulls, these Y-shaped foils have a wingspan of over 5 metres. They are designed to generate powerful lift, increase power and offer a wide range of adjustments to optimise flight at every point of sail and in all conditions. Beyond their impressive size, these foils feature many unique innovations.

    Revolutionary U-shaped rudders

    These are probably the most visually striking innovations on the new Maxi Edmond de Rothschild. To fly high above rough seas while maintaining control, the team wanted very long rudders that would remain in contact with the water. The challenge is that longer rudders tend to flex under load, severely affecting steering and the efficiency of their lifting surfaces. A new geometry was needed to give these appendages maximum stiffness, resist cavitation and ultimately improve control of the boat and make better use of its power. The result is a set of U-shaped rudders over 4 metres long, a metre longer than those on Gitana 17. Their shape, reminiscent of a tripod or an inverted π, is only the visible part of what makes them so distinctive.

    A daggerboard optimised to stabilise the boat and limit cavitation

    With its wide span, the daggerboard resembles an aircraft tail assembly, with two adjustable flaps: one on the vertical section and the other on the horizontal section, the distinctive “manta-ray wing”. On Gitana 18, the innovation is to position this wing behind the vertical part of the appendage, rather than directly beneath it, to minimise flow disturbance and cavitation.

    Gitana 18’s daggerboard

    Rig: adjustable spreaders to control mainsail power while sailing

    Gitana 18’s mast is 1.50 metres taller than its predecessor’s. The boom is also shorter, creating a more slender sail plan. The major innovation is a set of spreaders that can be adjusted while sailing to bend the mast fore and aft. Actuated by hydraulic rams, these spreaders can pivot through 35 degrees to adjust the bend in the middle of the mast. This unprecedented system allows the sailor to control mainsail power: adding depth in light winds to take off sooner, or flattening the sail to reduce power at high speed or in strong winds. Adjusting the depth, and therefore the power, of the mainsail can also save a solo sailor time and energy by reducing the need for risky manoeuvres or headsail changes.

    Central hull:
    an integrated, structural coachroof

    The naval architects and Gitana design team wanted an exceptionally stiff, structurally robust platform. This applies both to the floats, which must withstand heavy loads from the foils and rudders, and to the central hull, which is subject to torsion. The enclosed coachroof is integrated into the hull and contributes to its structural strength. Inside, the cockpit brings all sail-handling controls together, with ergonomics shaped by many hours of design and development. The coachroof also stands out for the number and size of its windows. This configuration meets the visibility requirements of the Ultim class rules and gives sailors the best possible view to keep a visual watch.

    Gitana 18’s coachroof

    15.07.2004

    From golf club to cotton club.

    The great Atlantic crossing is now on. The fleet has rounded Cape Race at the south-east point of Newfoundland. The weather is playing into the hands of the leaders who have pulled away but now they have to handle gybes in westerly blow.

    par Gitana

    The great Atlantic crossing is now on. The fleet has rounded Cape Race at the south-east point of Newfoundland. The weather is playing into the hands of the leaders who have pulled away but now they have to handle gybes in westerly blow.

    A slow-moving warm front over a cold sea is making for foggy conditions. That’s what has been happening since the multihulls have passed Newfoundland as a mass of warm air is sweeping over the cold waters of the Labrador current. The icebergs are now in the rear-view mirror and as the fleet moves east, visibility ought to improve. A  humid cotton-wool atmosphere does not detract from the fact the conditions are now much more favourable.  More than 470 miles have been covered in 24 hours, a 25-knot SW breeze and rising temperatures (which never the less remain fresh with and air temperature of 8° and the sea at 6°).

    Yann Guichard, navigator on Gitana 11 at 10h30 today, Thursday : « We’re out of the fog. We were on the offensive all night with top speeds of more than 33 knots in a steady 25-knot wind and a rather rough sea. We’ve just gybed as we have just seen Sodebo a mile from us and Géant is on the horizon behind us. We have to mark our opponents while we’re waiting for the wind to shift north-west. If everything goes according to plan, the wind will be with us as far as Ireland. So we should be getting some fast sailing done over to Saint Malo. »

    Managing gybes is the crux of the difficulty on this transatlantic. The high pressure system which the multis are sailing along right now is not that lively (1025 hectoPascals falling to 1020 hPa by Friday). What’s more, further north of 49°N, the wind is much steadier with a SW trend and 15 knots like this morning, veering westerly then north-west in the hours ahead. So wind enough as far as Ireland, but on a trimaran, a square run is out of the question, leaving a reach under gennaker (the big balloon jib) at roughly 140° from the true wind direction. That means that the navigators have the choice between sailing at 100° to the wind which is close to the direct course and then a leg at 20° to put more north into their heading. But when the wind shifts west, they will be  able to sail at an angle of either 130° or 50°…

    Basically, they have to read the road ahead, anticipating the wind shifts to reduce the amount of ground to be covered and sail where the wind is best. That’s what Gitana 11 has done in heading off north-east last night bringing herself up to 49°N in the wake of the Italian trimaran TIM-Progetto Italia. That’s what Karine Fauconnier (Sergio Tacchini) has done this morning to avoid being caught up by her followers north. It is also no doubt exactly what Sodebo and Foncia will do this morning to stay up with the fleet leaders. As time goes by, some will lose ground as they try to climb back up, whilst others will gain ground on a direct course.

    The gaps between the leader and north-placed Groupama reach 120 or so miles but are not that significant in fact as they shall continue to fluctuate, increasing and decreasing as the fleet changes tack towards the Fastnet or the north. Never the less, Banque Covefi is taking a real risk in a radical heading at 90° away from the course since her change in direction off Newfoundland – a last-ditch attempt perhaps as the wind is nowhere near as steady as it is in the north. Gitana X, does not have hte same speed potential in medium downind conditions but is not doing too badly. She may well overtake the Swiss in the nest couple of hours or so.

    But we’re not going to kid ourselves. Conditions are much more favourable for the leaders than for the tail-enders, to the extent that Mediatis-Région Aquitaine finds herself 440 miles from the leader, head to wind along the coast of Newfoundland ! Only if the pack is severely shuffled at the Fastnet Rock will the end of the pack have a chance to catch up but that gap is more likely to increase over the next couple of days… little chance that Gitana X will be able to come back on the leading trio but she may well be able to come back on the peloton (Banque Covefi, Groupama, Sopra Group) whereas Gitana 11 is well positioned to come back into contact with Sergio Tacchini. It’ll all be decided in the timing of the gybes. Tow hours too early, two hours too late, can make all the difference, ten miles gained or lost !

    No 14th July firework party…

    Marc Guillemot, skipper of Gitana X last night. « We had a tough time of it coming out of Saint Pierre on Gitana X. Fog and a 15-20 knot blow with our Solent and mainsail up. Too hesitant for my liking in hoisting our gennaker. To sum up, this morning’s scoreboard speaks for itself – we are now behind boats we were close to before. We put too much south into our easterly heading and we’re going to pay the price in what follows. After having passed Newfoundland, we’ll have to put some north into our course to get round the high pressure system which is settling mid-Atlantic. We have to gybe to pass Cape Race. Karinette (skipper of Sergio Tacchini and one of Marc’s old friends) and her team are doing a great job continue to increase their lead. Their boat is at home in these conditions combined with an excellent strategy have made all the difference. We’ve got to try and keep our route as short as possible and get round the high without getting stuck in it. Not easy but it’s the only way we can hope to make up for lost ground. To be continued.. At the time of writing the barometer has increased by  0.10 HP and the wind is weakening, backing. Won’t be long before we gybe. »