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  • Gitana 18
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  • Retractable Y-shaped foils, adjustable in three dimensions

    Inspired by the appendages of the America's Cup foiling monohulls, these Y-shaped foils have a wingspan of over 5 metres. They are designed to generate powerful lift, increase power and offer a wide range of adjustments to optimise flight at every point of sail and in all conditions. Beyond their impressive size, these foils feature many unique innovations.

    Revolutionary U-shaped rudders

    These are probably the most visually striking innovations on the new Maxi Edmond de Rothschild. To fly high above rough seas while maintaining control, the team wanted very long rudders that would remain in contact with the water. The challenge is that longer rudders tend to flex under load, severely affecting steering and the efficiency of their lifting surfaces. A new geometry was needed to give these appendages maximum stiffness, resist cavitation and ultimately improve control of the boat and make better use of its power. The result is a set of U-shaped rudders over 4 metres long, a metre longer than those on Gitana 17. Their shape, reminiscent of a tripod or an inverted π, is only the visible part of what makes them so distinctive.

    A daggerboard optimised to stabilise the boat and limit cavitation

    With its wide span, the daggerboard resembles an aircraft tail assembly, with two adjustable flaps: one on the vertical section and the other on the horizontal section, the distinctive “manta-ray wing”. On Gitana 18, the innovation is to position this wing behind the vertical part of the appendage, rather than directly beneath it, to minimise flow disturbance and cavitation.

    Gitana 18’s daggerboard

    Rig: adjustable spreaders to control mainsail power while sailing

    Gitana 18’s mast is 1.50 metres taller than its predecessor’s. The boom is also shorter, creating a more slender sail plan. The major innovation is a set of spreaders that can be adjusted while sailing to bend the mast fore and aft. Actuated by hydraulic rams, these spreaders can pivot through 35 degrees to adjust the bend in the middle of the mast. This unprecedented system allows the sailor to control mainsail power: adding depth in light winds to take off sooner, or flattening the sail to reduce power at high speed or in strong winds. Adjusting the depth, and therefore the power, of the mainsail can also save a solo sailor time and energy by reducing the need for risky manoeuvres or headsail changes.

    Central hull:
    an integrated, structural coachroof

    The naval architects and Gitana design team wanted an exceptionally stiff, structurally robust platform. This applies both to the floats, which must withstand heavy loads from the foils and rudders, and to the central hull, which is subject to torsion. The enclosed coachroof is integrated into the hull and contributes to its structural strength. Inside, the cockpit brings all sail-handling controls together, with ergonomics shaped by many hours of design and development. The coachroof also stands out for the number and size of its windows. This configuration meets the visibility requirements of the Ultim class rules and gives sailors the best possible view to keep a visual watch.

    Gitana 18’s coachroof

    14.05.2003

    D + 3 – In the match !.

    A steady 25 knots wind (46 km/h) with gusts of more than 30 knots (56 km/h). Last night and today, the weather has livened up a notch or two ! With 371 miles (687 km) covered in 24 hours, Gitana has pulled herself up onto a level pegging with the best trimarans of the moment and is in 7th position behind Jean Le Cam's Bonduelle.

    par Gitana

    A steady 25 knots wind (46 km/h) with gusts of more than 30 knots (56 km/h). Last night and today, the weather has livened up a notch or two ! With 371 miles (687 km) covered in 24 hours, Gitana has pulled herself up onto a level pegging with the best trimarans of the moment and is in 7th position behind Jean Le Cam’s Bonduelle.

    “We were looking out for them and they were there – and tough they are too ” wrote Marc Guessard in charge of navigation on board Gitana… Who ? Or rather, what ? The Portuguese trade winds as they are known, a system of steady north/north-easterly winds which blow along the coast of Portugal. “After having come off track twice (Ed’s note : broach-to : the bow of the boat’s leeward float nose-dives and she swings round broad side on) and as the wind was strengthening, we preferred to shorten sail, reducing the surface of the main sail and setting the Solent (flattest headsail with the smallest surface area) as the wind had increased to 37 knots (68 km/h). Then we took a bit of time before increasing sail (cf. Foncia capsizes)” continued Marc.

    And Yann Marilley added at today’s lunchtime radio chat session at Race HQ in Paris: “We really got shifting last night sailing a little further out into the open sea than the others. The sea was quite heavy. So we shortened sail, but the boat made it through no problem“. Difficult conditions certainly, but ones which accentuate how well Gitana reacts to delicate navigational conditions where there is a heavy price to pay for the slightest mistake.

    A Jules Verne “bag”

    The next objective is the Gibraltar Strait 143 miles (265 km) away at 12h00 today, Gitana having rounded the Cape of Saint-Vincent (SW Portugal) at the beginning of the morning. “Everything is fine on board, the crew are asleep, Benjamin is at the helm and Lionel is busy trimming the sails” continued Marc. And Yann and Benjamin confirmed in chorus : “We really are enjoying ourselves. We’re really pleased to be in contact with the rest of the fleet and to be able to sail with the others. It’s highly motivating.”

    As for the navigation, Marc now has to think about the approach to the Mediterranean which is without doubt the meteorological sticking point on this course. Today’s anecdote will be a veiled reference to Jules Verne : “We had a (giant) plastic bag in the dagger board too ! So it is not so original as a giant octopus, but alas, much more frequent !” ends the navigator. At 12 o’clock today, Gitana checked in 131 miles (242 km) behind the leader Groupama, thus in 7th position ahead of Banque Covefi, Sopra Group, Sergio Tacchini and Sodebo.

    Foncia capsizes / 20h00 French time (GMT + 2) 13th May

    Skipper Alain Gautier explains the incident via a satellite connection: “We had our gennaker (balloon jib) and mainsail up in a 25-knot (46 km/h) wind and a heavy sea, usual for this area. Suddenly the rudder blade on the leeward float struck something. As the boat has lifting rudders, the rudder moved into a horizontal position. I was helming at the time. I sent crew over to the leeward side to see what had happened. In order to move he made fast the gennaker sheet (rope used in manoeuvring). When he was over on the leeward side, a particularly big wave raised the stern. As I no longer had a rudder to leeward and the central hull was out of the water, Foncia could not be steered and was sharply caught broad side on to the wave. Then we capsized sideways. I hung onto my steering column (about 15 metres above the water) and waited for the boat to turn over completely to avoid getting hurt. The monolithic mast (Ed’s note : identical to Gitana’s) did not break immediately and as it does not float it could not damage the boat. Everything is fine on board, apart from a few bumps. We’re partly responsible for what happened and have to accept that. Now we’ve got to wait for the tugboat which should be in the area sometime on Wednesday afternoon“.

    Challenge Mondial Assistance

    Cherbourg (F) Channel / Rimini (It) / Adriatic. 2734 miles (5063 km)
    Start 11th May 2003
    Finish between 19th and 23rd May 2003
    Races in Rimini on 23rd and 24th May
    Distance remaining to finish: 1773 milles (3284 km)