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  • Gitana 18
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  • Retractable Y-shaped foils, adjustable in three dimensions

    Inspired by the appendages of the America's Cup foiling monohulls, these Y-shaped foils have a wingspan of over 5 metres. They are designed to generate powerful lift, increase power and offer a wide range of adjustments to optimise flight at every point of sail and in all conditions. Beyond their impressive size, these foils feature many unique innovations.

    Revolutionary U-shaped rudders

    These are probably the most visually striking innovations on the new Maxi Edmond de Rothschild. To fly high above rough seas while maintaining control, the team wanted very long rudders that would remain in contact with the water. The challenge is that longer rudders tend to flex under load, severely affecting steering and the efficiency of their lifting surfaces. A new geometry was needed to give these appendages maximum stiffness, resist cavitation and ultimately improve control of the boat and make better use of its power. The result is a set of U-shaped rudders over 4 metres long, a metre longer than those on Gitana 17. Their shape, reminiscent of a tripod or an inverted π, is only the visible part of what makes them so distinctive.

    A daggerboard optimised to stabilise the boat and limit cavitation

    With its wide span, the daggerboard resembles an aircraft tail assembly, with two adjustable flaps: one on the vertical section and the other on the horizontal section, the distinctive “manta-ray wing”. On Gitana 18, the innovation is to position this wing behind the vertical part of the appendage, rather than directly beneath it, to minimise flow disturbance and cavitation.

    Gitana 18’s daggerboard

    Rig: adjustable spreaders to control mainsail power while sailing

    Gitana 18’s mast is 1.50 metres taller than its predecessor’s. The boom is also shorter, creating a more slender sail plan. The major innovation is a set of spreaders that can be adjusted while sailing to bend the mast fore and aft. Actuated by hydraulic rams, these spreaders can pivot through 35 degrees to adjust the bend in the middle of the mast. This unprecedented system allows the sailor to control mainsail power: adding depth in light winds to take off sooner, or flattening the sail to reduce power at high speed or in strong winds. Adjusting the depth, and therefore the power, of the mainsail can also save a solo sailor time and energy by reducing the need for risky manoeuvres or headsail changes.

    Central hull:
    an integrated, structural coachroof

    The naval architects and Gitana design team wanted an exceptionally stiff, structurally robust platform. This applies both to the floats, which must withstand heavy loads from the foils and rudders, and to the central hull, which is subject to torsion. The enclosed coachroof is integrated into the hull and contributes to its structural strength. Inside, the cockpit brings all sail-handling controls together, with ergonomics shaped by many hours of design and development. The coachroof also stands out for the number and size of its windows. This configuration meets the visibility requirements of the Ultim class rules and gives sailors the best possible view to keep a visual watch.

    Gitana 18’s coachroof

    12.09.2008

    An ocean of uncertainty.

    par Gitana


    Following a harsh passage around the Cape of Good Hope, we finally turned our nose northwards. Secretly, each of us envisaged ourselves devouring the southern hemisphere on a charge as we wound around the huge Saint Helena High in the tradewind. This was achieved in a week. Following on from that, we simply hope that ‘our’ sea opens its doors towards Europe, without forcing us onto an overly difficult assault course. However, having sailed the length and breadth of it, explored and battled over it so many times before, we know that North Atlantic routes are never easy.

    The Doldrums is the ocean’s first hazard. Normally, the safest route to traverse it is right in the middle of the Atlantic, between 25 and 30° west. That is where it is less thick and where statistically the calms are less painful. However, this passage forces us to make a big detour towards the west and extends the course considerably. On the African side, the calm zone is extremely wide, often spanning over 1,000 kilometres, except in summer where sometimes the tropical or stormy lows come and stir up this windless hole, which is the case at the moment.
    Coming from the south, we’ve thus decided to ‘cut the corner’ on the approach to the African coast, laying bets on a giant cumulus measuring 600 kilometres in diameter, which has formed over Guinea, Senegal and Sierra Leone, and is perfectly visible on the satellite image as the colour of fire. If it evolves as expected, sucking in the wind up to 400 kilometres offshore, it will help us get to the latitude of Dakar, whilst simultaneously and painlessly joining up with the NEl’y winds which drop down the coast of Mauritania.

    The second difficulty consists quite simply of tackling the last 6,000 kilometres which will take us to Tower Bridge. This temperate stretch of the ocean can have many different faces. The best scenario would be a dynamic low which sweeps you up at the Cape Verde Islands, accompanies you with its SW’ly winds and propels you into the English Channel in six days. The worst case scenario is a big, gentle zone of high pressure which transforms the course into a dreadful Way of the Cross. To date, nothing is clear. The chart shows a misshapen puzzle where any feverish hopes in the weather forecast are likely to fall apart on a sea without conviction or character. Where are we going to get through? Without Sylvain, our router, you might as well be playing Russian roulette. For several days already, we’ve both been observing the atmospheric ravings of our ‘garden’ to try to work our way through this oceanic marshmallow. The ETAs fluctuate with every forecast. We calculate, estimate, hope… Perhaps 20th; no, 22nd… Impossible to predict.

    The sea doesn’t know how to count. It frequently changes its mind, improvises and distributes the wind according to what remains a poor command of equations. It puts the sailors to the test and makes their wives wait at the quayside.

    Crossing the equator yesterday after four weeks at sea, the desire to bring this journey to a close tumbles out of the mouths of the crew who are unable to contain their impatience. “When will we get there?” I am absolutely incapable of giving them an answer. The only truth is that of the miles we’ve covered. And at the present time, we still have 3,055 to go.

    Dominic Vittet