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  • Gitana 18
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  • Retractable Y-shaped foils, adjustable in three dimensions

    Inspired by the appendages of the America's Cup foiling monohulls, these Y-shaped foils have a wingspan of over 5 metres. They are designed to generate powerful lift, increase power and offer a wide range of adjustments to optimise flight at every point of sail and in all conditions. Beyond their impressive size, these foils feature many unique innovations.

    Revolutionary U-shaped rudders

    These are probably the most visually striking innovations on the new Maxi Edmond de Rothschild. To fly high above rough seas while maintaining control, the team wanted very long rudders that would remain in contact with the water. The challenge is that longer rudders tend to flex under load, severely affecting steering and the efficiency of their lifting surfaces. A new geometry was needed to give these appendages maximum stiffness, resist cavitation and ultimately improve control of the boat and make better use of its power. The result is a set of U-shaped rudders over 4 metres long, a metre longer than those on Gitana 17. Their shape, reminiscent of a tripod or an inverted π, is only the visible part of what makes them so distinctive.

    A daggerboard optimised to stabilise the boat and limit cavitation

    With its wide span, the daggerboard resembles an aircraft tail assembly, with two adjustable flaps: one on the vertical section and the other on the horizontal section, the distinctive “manta-ray wing”. On Gitana 18, the innovation is to position this wing behind the vertical part of the appendage, rather than directly beneath it, to minimise flow disturbance and cavitation.

    Gitana 18’s daggerboard

    Rig: adjustable spreaders to control mainsail power while sailing

    Gitana 18’s mast is 1.50 metres taller than its predecessor’s. The boom is also shorter, creating a more slender sail plan. The major innovation is a set of spreaders that can be adjusted while sailing to bend the mast fore and aft. Actuated by hydraulic rams, these spreaders can pivot through 35 degrees to adjust the bend in the middle of the mast. This unprecedented system allows the sailor to control mainsail power: adding depth in light winds to take off sooner, or flattening the sail to reduce power at high speed or in strong winds. Adjusting the depth, and therefore the power, of the mainsail can also save a solo sailor time and energy by reducing the need for risky manoeuvres or headsail changes.

    Central hull:
    an integrated, structural coachroof

    The naval architects and Gitana design team wanted an exceptionally stiff, structurally robust platform. This applies both to the floats, which must withstand heavy loads from the foils and rudders, and to the central hull, which is subject to torsion. The enclosed coachroof is integrated into the hull and contributes to its structural strength. Inside, the cockpit brings all sail-handling controls together, with ergonomics shaped by many hours of design and development. The coachroof also stands out for the number and size of its windows. This configuration meets the visibility requirements of the Ultim class rules and gives sailors the best possible view to keep a visual watch.

    Gitana 18’s coachroof

    20.08.2008

    Equatorial night.

    par Gitana

    “The equator is an imaginary line which separates the earth into two hemispheres…” we learn soberly at the school of landlubbers. For the sailor the word equator has a very special significance. For us it designates instead “a rather uncertain, complicated zone with its own share of surprises”…
    At this latitude the atmosphere, swollen with dampness and heat, is a melting pot of weather phenomena. They are born here, develop, move, grow or die at spectacular speeds. Often overtaken by their speed of evolution, meteorologists have long been tearing their hair out trying to understand, rationalise, or predict them… at best. Of course the grand principles are known entity: pinpointing the principal air masses as they progress, the satellites observing and measuring them and the modern recording stations providing us with increasingly pertinent information. Despite all that, randomness is the key word here. On the ocean of realities the sailors suffers the whims of this infernal zone. In a state of total anarchy, it produces its calms, its clouds, its storms, its squalls, and throws any fine theories to the wind. It’s the Doldrums!

    In order to make the Java Sea further south, hit the tradewinds and filter down into the Indian Ocean, Gitana 13 has been tackling this perilous exercise since yesterday. Sylvain, our weather router, is flat out. With a solid arsenal at Météo France and in permanent receipt of the boat’s position, he is defining some great lines. For my part, I send him observation from the ‘front’ and together we refine a strategy.

    In the equatorial stickiness, the boat is very gradually slipping southwards. The wind is light, the sea smooth and the storms are lighting up Borneo in silence; the latter being invisible but almost palpable 25 miles downwind of us. The Indonesian fishing boats are circulating along the horizon and require particular attention at times. With eyes on the dials, the helmsmen take it in turns. Concentrated, each of them are hoping in turn to finally catch up with the SE’ly tradewinds which are synonymous with the way out. The hours pass by and the clouds too. The night is dying and we’re still wading towards the equator. Everyone is awaiting ‘Mister Doldrums’, in his immense generosity, to finally let a few snatches of tradewind pass our way… Patience.

    Dominic Vittet